Earth's Systems
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EarthExplainer: Ice sheets and glaciers
Ice sheets and glaciers give scientists clues about climate change.
By Douglas Fox -
EarthExplainer: Antarctica, land of lakes
There are many, although they tend to be buried under rivers of ice.
By Douglas Fox -
EnvironmentExplainer: All crude oil is not alike
Crude oil comes in conventional and unconventional types.
By Janet Raloff -
EarthHow Earth’s surface morphs
Partly melted rock acts like grease to help huge masses of the planet’s surface slip up, around and down.
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ClimateExplainer: Why a tornado forms
Tornadoes start with a thunderstorm. But they also require other ingredients, such as instability.
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ChemistryExplainer: Ocean acidification
Here’s why shellfish and other animals in the sea suffer when the ocean is forced to absorb too much carbon dioxide.
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ClimateWatching our seas rise
Satellites, coral reefs, ancient Roman fishponds and sinking cities help us understand how humans are changing sea level.
By Douglas Fox -
EnvironmentOzone hits a new low
Scientists discover a major thinning in the protective atmosphere over Arctic.
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EarthBig rocks’ balancing acts
Scientists study how balanced boulders resist falling over — and what that may say about earthquakes.
By Douglas Fox -
EarthTsunami’s trek traced in the sky
Scientists photograph atmospheric ripples that followed the March tsunami across the Pacific.
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